What is Chronic Kidney Disease?
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a gradual loss of kidney function over time. Your kidneys filter waste from your blood, regulate blood pressure, and balance electrolytes. When damaged, they can’t perform these vital functions effectively.
CKD is classified into five stages based on kidney function (eGFR):
- Stages 1-2: Mild kidney damage with normal or slightly reduced function
- Stage 3: Moderate reduction in function
- Stage 4: Severe reduction
- Stage 5: Kidney failure requiring dialysis or transplant
Common Causes and Risk Factors
The leading causes of CKD are:
- Diabetes – the #1 cause
- High blood pressure
- Glomerulonephritis
- Polycystic kidney disease
Your risk increases if you’re over 60, have a family history of kidney disease, are obese, smoke, or have cardiovascular disease.
Recognizing the Symptoms
Early CKD often has no symptoms. As it progresses, watch for:
- Fatigue and weakness
- Swelling in legs, ankles, or feet
- Changes in urination
- Persistent itching
- Loss of appetite
- Difficulty concentrating
Prevention and Management
Control the Basics: Keep blood sugar and blood pressure well-managed through medication and lifestyle changes.
Eat Kidney-Friendly: Reduce sodium, limit processed foods, and eat plenty of fresh fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
Stay Active: Aim for 150 minutes of moderate exercise weekly to maintain a healthy weight.
Avoid Harmful Substances: Limit NSAIDs (like ibuprofen), don’t smoke, and moderate alcohol intake.
Get Regular Checkups: If you’re at high risk, have your kidney function tested regularly through blood and urine tests.
Living Well with CKD
If diagnosed, work closely with your healthcare team. Many people with CKD live full, active lives by taking medications as prescribed, following a kidney-friendly diet, staying active, and monitoring their condition regularly.
Early detection and proper management are key to slowing progression and maintaining quality of life. If you have risk factors, talk to your doctor about kidney health screening today.